Mauritania
| Official Language | Arabic |
| Second Language | French, Pulaar, Soninke |
| Population | ~5.2 million |
| Passport Color | Green |
| Passport Rank | #88 |
| Dialing Code | 222 |
| Country TLD | .mr |
Mauritania Overview
Mauritania, officially the Islamic Republic of Mauritania (Arabic: الجمهورية الإسلامية الموريتانية), is a large, sparsely populated country in Northwest Africa. It is bordered by Western Sahara to the north, Algeria to the northeast, Mali to the east and southeast, Senegal to the southwest, and the Atlantic Ocean to the west. The capital and largest city is Nouakchott.
Mauritania lies at the crossroads between the Arab Maghreb and Sub-Saharan Africa. Much of its territory is covered by the Sahara Desert. The economy relies heavily on iron ore mining, fisheries, and agriculture. Mauritania is also rich in cultural heritage, particularly the ancient trading cities of Chinguetti and Ouadane, which were once key stops on trans-Saharan caravan routes.
The official religion is Islam, and Arabic is the official language, though French is widely used in government and education. The currency is the Ouguiya (MRU). Mauritania’s landscapes range from sand dunes and oases to coastal fisheries and historic towns.
Quick Facts About Mauritania
| Coordinates | 21.0079° N, 10.9408° W |
|---|---|
| Bordering Countries | Western Sahara, Algeria, Mali, Senegal |
| Region / Continent | Africa (Northwest Africa) |
| Total Area | ~1,030,700 sq km |
| Population Density | ~5 people per sq km |
| Highest Point | Kediet ej Jill – 915 m |
| Major Rivers | Senegal River |
| Climate Type | Desert; hot and dry with limited rainfall |
| Famous For | Sahara Desert, Chinguetti, Ouadane, ancient caravan towns |
| Major Landmarks | Banc d’Arguin National Park, Chinguetti Mosque, Atar, Nouakchott Beach |
| Official Language | Arabic (French widely spoken) |
| Currency | Mauritanian Ouguiya (MRU) |
| Government Type | Islamic Republic |
| Time Zone | UTC+0 (GMT) |
| Major Exports | Iron ore, fish, gold, livestock |
| Visitor Entry | E-visa available for most nationalities; visa-free for ECOWAS members |
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