Peru
| Official Language | Spanish |
| Second Language | Quechua, Aymara |
| Population | ~35 million |
| Passport Color | Red |
| Passport Rank | #36 |
| Dialing Code | 51 |
| Country TLD | .pe |
Peru Overview
Peru, officially the Republic of Peru, is a country in western South America. It shares borders with Ecuador and Colombia to the north, Brazil to the east, Bolivia to the southeast, Chile to the south, and the Pacific Ocean to the west. The capital and largest city is Lima.
Peru is famous for its ancient civilizations, especially the Inca Empire and the world-renowned archaeological site of Machu Picchu. Its geography includes the Andes Mountains, the Amazon rainforest, and the coastal desert, offering incredible natural and cultural diversity. The country’s cuisine, music, and art reflect a fusion of Indigenous, Spanish, African, and Asian influences.
Economically, Peru is one of South America’s fastest-growing nations, driven by mining, agriculture, and tourism. It is a major global producer of copper, gold, silver, and zinc. Peru’s stability and natural resources make it an attractive destination for trade and investment.
Travelers visit Peru for its rich history, vibrant culture, and natural beauty — from the Sacred Valley and Lake Titicaca to the Amazon Basin and coastal cities like Trujillo and Arequipa.
Quick Facts About Peru
| Coordinates | 9.19° S, 75.02° W |
|---|---|
| Bordering Countries | Ecuador, Colombia, Brazil, Bolivia, Chile |
| Region / Continent | South America |
| Total Area | 1,285,216 sq km |
| Population Density | ~26 people per sq km |
| Highest Point | Huascarán – 6,768 m |
| Major Rivers | Amazon, Ucayali, Marañón, Madre de Dios |
| Climate Type | Varies from tropical in the east to dry desert in the west and frigid in the Andes |
| Famous For | Machu Picchu, Inca Trail, Amazon Rainforest, Peruvian cuisine |
| Major Landmarks | Machu Picchu, Lake Titicaca, Nazca Lines, Cusco, Sacred Valley |
| Official Language | Spanish (with Quechua and Aymara also recognized) |
| Currency | Peruvian Sol (PEN) |
| Government Type | Unitary presidential republic |
| Time Zone | UTC−5 |
| Major Exports | Copper, gold, zinc, coffee, textiles, fishmeal |
| Visitor Entry | Visa-free for most nationalities for short stays |
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