Azerbaijan

Capital

Baku

Continent

Independence Date

18 October 1991

Official LanguageAfrikaans
Second LanguageRussian, English
Population~10.5 million
Passport ColorRed
Passport Rank#71
Dialing Code994
Country TLD.az

Azerbaijan is a transcontinental nation in the South Caucasus (Western Asia) on the western shores of the Caspian Sea. It borders Russia and Georgia to the north and northwest, Armenia to the west, and Iran to the south. The Nakhchivan exclave also shares a short border with Türkiye. The capital and largest city is Baku.

Known as the “land of fire,” Azerbaijan features mud volcanoes, the Ateshgah Fire Temple, and modern icons like the Flame Towers. Its heritage spans the Icherisheher (Old City) UNESCO site, Silk Road caravanserais, and the rock art of Gobustan.

The economy is anchored by oil & gas (Caspian basin), with growing investments in petrochemicals, logistics (Middle Corridor), ICT, agriculture, and tourism. Efficient air–sea–rail links connect Baku’s Alat Port and regional corridors to Europe and Asia.

With Azerbaijani (Azeri) as the official language and broad English/Russian familiarity in business and tourism, Azerbaijan offers opportunities for students, professionals, and investors across energy, logistics, and culture-led travel.

Quick Facts About Azerbaijan

Coordinates40.1431° N, 47.5769° E
Bordering CountriesRussia, Georgia, Armenia, Iran (Nakhchivan borders Türkiye & Iran)
Region / ContinentAsia (South Caucasus)
Total Area~86,600 sq km
Population Density~120 people per sq km
Highest PointMount Bazardüzü – 4,466 m
Major RiversKura (Kur), Aras (Arax), Samur
Climate TypeMostly semi-arid/continental; humid subtropical on Caspian coast; alpine in Greater Caucasus
Famous ForCaspian coast, mud volcanoes, fire temples, carpet weaving
Major LandmarksIcherisheher & Maiden Tower, Gobustan Petroglyphs, Flame Towers, Ateshgah
Official LanguageAzerbaijani (Azeri)
CurrencyAzerbaijani Manat (AZN)
Government TypeUnitary Semi-Presidential Republic
Time ZoneUTC+4 (AZT)
Major ExportsCrude oil, natural gas, petrochemicals, fruits & nuts, cotton
Visitor EntryASAN eVisa available for many nationalities; check current rules

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