Papua New Guinea

Capital

Port Moresby

Continent

Independence Date

16 September 1975

Official LanguageAfrikaans
Second LanguageMotu
Population~10.1 million
Passport ColorRed
Passport Rank#63
Dialing Code675
Country TLD.pg

Papua New Guinea (PNG) is a country in Oceania, occupying the eastern half of the island of New Guinea and numerous offshore islands in the southwestern Pacific Ocean. It shares its only land border with Indonesia to the west and maritime boundaries with Australia to the south and the Solomon Islands to the east. The capital and largest city is Port Moresby.

Papua New Guinea is one of the most culturally diverse countries in the world, with over 800 languages spoken. Its landscape is dominated by rugged mountains, dense rainforests, and extensive river systems. The country’s biodiversity is among the richest globally, with many species found nowhere else on Earth.

The economy is primarily based on natural resources, including gold, copper, oil, gas, and agriculture. Despite economic potential, the country faces challenges related to infrastructure, healthcare, and education access. PNG is a member of the Commonwealth and the Pacific Islands Forum.

Tourists visit Papua New Guinea for adventure tourism, diving, and cultural experiences such as traditional highland festivals and tribal arts.

Quick Facts About Papua New Guinea

Coordinates6.3150° S, 143.9555° E
Bordering CountriesIndonesia
Region / ContinentOceania (Melanesia)
Total Area462,840 sq km
Population Density~20 people per sq km
Highest PointMount Wilhelm – 4,509 m
Major RiversSepik River, Fly River, Purari River
Climate TypeTropical; high rainfall, humid, cooler in highlands
Famous ForCultural diversity, tribal festivals, birdwatching, diving
Major LandmarksKokoda Track, Mount Wilhelm, Tari Basin, Tufi Fjords
Official LanguagesEnglish, Tok Pisin, Hiri Motu
CurrencyPapua New Guinean Kina (PGK)
Government TypeUnitary parliamentary democracy under constitutional monarchy
Time ZoneUTC+10
Major ExportsGold, copper, oil, gas, coffee, palm oil
Visitor EntryVisa or eVisa required for most nationalities

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