List of Countries That Allow Multiple Nationalities (Dual Citizenship Guide)
Dual citizenship—also known as multiple nationality—allows a person to legally hold citizenship in two or more countries at the same time. Many countries today adopt flexible dual-citizenship laws to support global mobility, international investment, and diaspora engagement.
This guide provides a global, up-to-date list of countries that allow dual or multiple citizenship. For countries that do not allow dual nationality, see our companion article: List of Countries That Don’t Allow Multiple Nationalities.
What Is Dual Citizenship?
Dual citizenship means you are legally recognized as a citizen of more than one country. It offers the right to:
- Hold multiple passports
- Live, work, and study in multiple countries
- Own property in more than one nation
- Access healthcare and social services
- Benefit from wider international mobility and protection
Countries That Fully Allow Dual or Multiple Citizenship
The following countries permit dual citizenship without major restrictions. Many also allow triple or multiple nationalities.
Europe (Highly Flexible)
- United Kingdom
- Ireland
- France
- Italy
- Portugal
- Germany
- Belgium
- Switzerland
- Sweden
- Norway
- Finland
- Denmark
- Greece
- Cyprus
- Malta
- Luxembourg
- Poland
- Czech Republic
- Hungary
- Romania
- Bulgaria
North America
Central & South America
- Brazil
- Argentina
- Chile
- Colombia
- Uruguay
- Peru
- Ecuador
- Venezuela
- Bolivia
- Paraguay
- Costa Rica
- Panama
- Honduras
- Guatemala
- Dominican Republic
- El Salvador
Africa
- South Africa
- Kenya
- Nigeria
- Ghana
- Morocco
- Tunisia
- Egypt
- Algeria
- Ethiopia
- Sierra Leone
- Uganda
- Zambia
- Mauritius
- Cape Verde
Asia-Pacific
Asia
- Philippines
- Cambodia
- Israel
- South Korea
- Thailand (limited cases)
Oceania
Countries That Allow Dual Citizenship With Restrictions
Some countries permit dual nationality but only under specific conditions, such as birth abroad, marriage, government approval, ethnic heritage, or exceptional skills/national interest.
Examples include:
- Spain (mostly for Latin American citizens and select partner nations)
- Netherlands (limited scenarios)
- Indonesia (allowed for children until age 18)
- South Korea (permitted for certain categories)
- United Arab Emirates (only by royal or presidential decree)
- Austria (rare exceptions)
Countries That Do Not Allow Dual Citizenship (Brief Overview)
Some nations prohibit dual nationality and require citizens to renounce their previous citizenship upon acquiring a new one. Examples include:
See the full breakdown in our companion article: List of Countries That Don’t Allow Multiple Nationalities.
Why Many Countries Allow Dual Citizenship
- Support diaspora engagement
- Encourage international investment
- Attract skilled workers
- Strengthen multicultural families
- Enhance global mobility
Benefits of Dual Citizenship
- Greater global travel freedom
- More immigration pathways
- Work rights in multiple countries
- Access to multiple education systems
- Property ownership flexibility
- Healthcare and social benefits
- Long-term relocation safety
Conclusion
Dual citizenship policies vary worldwide. Many countries across Europe, the Americas, Africa, and Oceania openly allow multiple nationality, while several nations maintain strict single-citizenship rules.
