Russia

About Russia

Capital

Moscow

Continent

Independence Date

12 June 1990

Official Language	Russian
Second Language	English
Population	~144 million
Passport Color	Red
Passport Rank	#51
Dialing Code	7
Country TLD	.ru

Russia Overview

Russia, officially the Russian Federation (Russian: Российская Федерация), is the largest country in the world, spanning Eastern Europe and Northern Asia. It shares borders with 14 countries, including China, Kazakhstan, Ukraine, and Finland. The capital city is Moscow, and the official language is Russian.

Russia covers over one-eighth of the Earth’s inhabited land area and is home to a diverse range of landscapes — from the tundra and taiga forests of Siberia to the steppes of southern Russia and the mountains of the Caucasus. It spans 11 time zones and includes climates from polar to temperate.

As a major global power, Russia has a mixed economy with vast natural resources, particularly oil, gas, and minerals. It is one of the world’s largest energy exporters. Russia is also known for its contributions to literature, art, science, and space exploration, with iconic figures such as Tolstoy, Dostoevsky, Tchaikovsky, and Yuri Gagarin.

Tourist attractions include the Kremlin and Red Square in Moscow, Saint Petersburg’s Hermitage Museum, and the natural beauty of Lake Baikal and Kamchatka. Russia remains a land of immense cultural depth and geographical diversity.

Quick Facts About Russia

Coordinates	61.5240° N, 105.3188° E
Bordering Countries	Norway, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania (via Kaliningrad), Poland (via Kaliningrad), Belarus, Ukraine, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, China, Mongolia, North Korea
Region / Continent	Europe & Asia
Total Area	17,098,246 sq km
Population Density	~9 people per sq km
Highest Point	Mount Elbrus – 5,642 m
Major Rivers	Volga, Ob, Yenisei, Lena, Amur
Climate Type	Varies from humid continental to subarctic and polar
Famous For	Literature, space exploration, ballet, vast natural resources
Major Landmarks	Kremlin, Red Square, Hermitage Museum, Lake Baikal, Trans-Siberian Railway
Official Language	Russian
Currency	Russian Ruble (RUB)
Government Type	Federal semi-presidential republic
Time Zones	UTC+2 to UTC+12
Major Exports	Oil, gas, coal, metals, arms, machinery
Visitor Entry	eVisa available for selected countries; visa required otherwise